Glossary

A scaling chain that batches transactions and settles them on an L1.
A Layer-2 is a chain that processes transactions off the base layer and periodically commits proofs back to the L1, inheriting its security. Optimistic rollups (Arbitrum, Optimism) and zk-rollups (zkSync, Starknet) are the main Ethereum L2s — they offer 10×–100× cheaper fees.